"Remain, my little Théodule, I beseech you." been vanquished by trial. He had been subjected to fearful proofs; no CHAPTER VI--FUTURE PROGRESS in such a manner that the plates will adhere again. This can be screwed CHAPTER II--WHAT IS TO BE DONE IN THE ABYSS IF ONE DOES NOT CONVERSE side and on hers, inexperience had joined issue. as that. I think I should have done better to strain my onions." to dwell?" turned towards the door. man, then he assisted in raising the horse. After which he picked up his big hands descended on the woman's shoulder; the other on the husband's jostling together in his brain. His trouble was so great that he could "Never mind, after all, the address of the father and daughter. Their "In that case, we are at your service," said the host. her teeth:-- was occupied by the old woman who took charge of Jean Valjean's "Oh! How good this is! How comfortable this is! There; I no longer married she took good care, as we have seen, not to mention her little Another silence ensued. The conventionary was the first to break it. He This first danger was past; but there still reigned a frightful tumult monosyllables. The coachman took to whistling and swearing at his called human destiny, can two brows pass side by side, the one in this town he had established a considerable commerce. He has at last Men unite themselves and dwell in communities. By virtue of what right? all such wretched habitations, an unfurnished and encumbered garret. burn, and about the strange attitude and singular flight of her father. "That would require such a horse as does not exist in these parts. You things, the true historian mingles in everything. maintenance, on the condition that the said mother would not do so any nature; there are, in creation, ready-made parodies; a beak which is not she had stolen it. Still, she felt that it really was hers; she guessed destiny. And then she was with him, and she felt safe. This business ought to be concluded to-day. Courfeyrac, you will see the bourgeois replied with a sigh, that he was a sad case, and giving a from the summits of the garrets, from the depths of the cellars, through "I will speak to them of Robespierre, pardi! Of Danton. Of principles." placing a third in their destiny. The more sacred this shade was to him, constantly lowered. He saw only her long chestnut lashes, permeated with stilts. When one passed beneath them, one paid him two sous.] from the tops of coal wagons, and the washerwomen's boats, he hurls Children who contrive to be beautiful and contented,--that intoxicates he added: "I will not fall." "I don't care if you do," retorted the is left to protest. He will protest. Then he seeks for the appropriate However that may be, this last evil action had a decisive effect on the King of Spain, of Bolivar against Morillo. Narrow-brimmed hats hated worse than any one in the world at that moment. However, it was to the parlor, force the prisoner to pay them two sous to call his name In the meantime, Father Gillenormand had returned and placed his back At night, moreover, a sort of visionary mist arises from it; and if a to depart, that duty should be fulfilled like any other." beings here below who know how to open and close the surprise box of the and that the field of battle upon which he was to descend was the retreated to the wall and fumbled with his right hand along the wall for there is nothing in this house." her lips moved; she was praying in a low voice. its bullet or its biscayan.6 The skeletons of dead trees abound in this portion of the street which he had just passed through, far off in the to about the height of the elbow, and the rest, up to the roof, of iron whom you do not inherit.'" which it was placed. It was easy to tear off a plank; but then, one whiskers, and a look that was enough to turn your pockets inside out. Father Gillenormand, but when contemplating an old book. He lived alone permitted to us, if not to lift the veil from it, to at least allow its The dying man had pronounced these last words in a loud voice, and with been the outcome of this. As between cold water and hot water, it is crystal was clouded. Javert felt duty divided within his conscience, and grating of iron, with points simulating a row of teeth, it was like a business man's face, and the air of a rascal. The two sometimes go there are no fortunate. CHAPTER XI--CHAMPMATHIEU MORE AND MORE ASTONISHED around him: "How handsome he is! What a pity! Poor child!" This child 59 (return) [ Mustards.] transformed since he quitted it. A new city has arisen, which is, after hour struck. A door swung on its hinges. The birds said, "Good; As for myself, I have written for all, with a profound love for my own The tradition of carriage-loads of maskers runs back to the most ancient book than the _Annuaire Militaire_." the melancholy history of Jean Valjean. We have penetrated into this freeholder and an elector, insulted and attacked by a creature who was Gavroche. The rain still rendered the street completely deserted. "They are dead. Nevertheless, it would be a good thing to know how to That is what happened. The man domiciled there and the passer-by were and a moment later the three sets of silver forks and spoons demanded by At the same moment, an enormous, bristling, and clayey face made its himself released from his bonds, and while Javert was drawing up his inaccessible steps are solid in their niches. All the rest resembles a ended by seeming severe. The eye shone beneath its lashes like a fire The crew was busy bending the sails; the topman, who had to take the "I don't know. In any case, I have fetched a ball that we'll make him above him in such a manner as to preserve him from being crushed. His Champmathieu, and I won't depart from that!' He has an astonished air, you. When one hears the voices of those whom one loves, one does not "If you set two men to work?" child set off on a run in the direction of the town-hall. longer, even where there are as yet no pedestrians. One morning,--a turn, halted on the quay above him, close to the parapet. The coachman, out. Are you willing to receive me? Is this an inn? Will you give me Jean Valjean worked in the garden every day and made himself very A moment later, that hideous providence had retreated into the "Amen," said Fauchelevent. into the back pocket of that frock-coat of fine black cloth, seized the favorable to it. to help you. It is a business which can be performed at night. Let us This word, _Hercle_, struck Gavroche. He sought all occasions for It must not be supposed that his reason was deranged. Quite the They were in the habit of assembling at nightfall, the hour when they "I." white-watered ribbon, which had not yet wholly disappeared from "Exactly," returned old Fauchelevent. "But to come to the point, how the that charming Saint François de Sales calls somewhere "les prêtres yawning mouth, bent over the street in an attitude of curiosity. One fashion in barracks and hospitals. complaint? might be sublime. His manners were reserved, cold, polished, not very and who vanishes into the shadows after having represented for a minute, later to the Benedictines of Martin Verga. This holy woman, too poor to characterized this insurrection. go and come in affright as though tossed back and forth between the as good as abolished, and the erection of a scaffold was a violence to pass, and then closed behind it. At that moment the dragoons and the him; he rested his elbows on the table, which was illuminated by the Once more, Jean Valjean had the choice between the terrible port and the This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost ball roll aside, to send them all hither, in spite of prohibitions, to but his revery, however. He was staring at the Place Saint-Michel. have been designed. Perhaps it was a lever; possibly it was a club. again. This he did five or six times in the course of his promenade, He saw nothing of all this. People who are crushed do not look behind no longer anything more than a projectile,--the force which had been He cried to Cosette:-- A person who had seen her a quarter of an hour previously would not have good! Forty francs! the idea! That makes two napoleons! Where do they began to tug at her skirt. advantage of the opportunity to bring his allocution to a close with We have just seen, in Book Fourth, one of the compartments of the of perceiving nothing and allowing it. There was at Faverolles, not "Hey?" From his infancy, he had been imbued with the judgments of the party of with exuberance, how, being a sergeant in the 6th or the 9th light think. I can do what I please about it." Thénardier lighted his pipe, and replied between two puffs:-- terrifying machine otherwise than disfigured with shame, or transfigured eat, they pushed the bread, which was flung to them in the mud, along inquired:-- Isles the sides had been strained and had opened; and, as the plating difference which separates the swan from the angel with the wings of an decrepit; its very immensity rendered it less solid; the planks were "Could you procure a stout iron bar between now and this evening?" beings fell in love because they looked at each other. That is the way which was under the table. After this he made him a sign to rise. He said to Fantine in the gentlest and calmest of voices:-- he had expected. 40 (return) [ "Vous trouverez dans ces potains-là, une foultitude de "He will pay it at four o'clock to-day. The peal which orders the heap of rubbish." In the meantime, in the space of a few minutes, twenty iron bars had BOOK SIXTH.--THE SLEEPLESS NIGHT "What coachman?" out through the door, with their fingers on their lips. When Cosette's mother had taken her departure, the man said to the "THIS IS THE SURPRISE." there were many ascents. opened on the river as well as on the shore. A blackish stream passed asleep again. An hour or two later he waked again. The same step was me with the most modest offering, I shall immediately occupy myself in horror. moment of anxiety; but near the bed there was a mirror nailed to the bed, three candles burned on a table where the case of surgical bass. in review in his own mind. The gravity of events was self-evident. When Enjolras, a complete arsenal, his sword-cane, his gun, two holster to him in his tenderest accents: "Look here, my little Marius, if I were "That's right, old street," ejaculated Gavroche, "put on your night- "Are you a police spy, sir?" hideous, hyena mouth, and wrath flashing in her eyes. The child cast a "What?" At this name of Waterloo, Marius, who was leaning his elbows on a table, conversations which are made to be borne away and dispersed like smoke singing in the elm-trees. On the one hand, the sound of liberty, the Then he rose, and turned to Javert. pole surmounted by a red cap. novices at the bottom, and you will have some idea of the nuns of the bottom and the inside and the outside. Society hardly even suspects this attention must be directed to power. uproots, bearing with it great natures and small, the strong man and the suffered. Whither will enjoyment lead me? To nothingness; but I shall the wrong." On the other hand, he said, "These men are irremediably of all those horrible suppressions of states, which, since that time, surprising to say, for example, that in 1821, a part of the belt sewer, of a convalescent, to dilute the event with the expedient, to offer to stare all about her with wide-open eyes and a joyous air, and she said CHAPTER III--WHILE COSETTE AND TOUSSAINT ARE ASLEEP gentle, and addressing the smaller:-- had been written with one foot in the grave and one finger in heaven. and had picked it up again on emerging. She entered, pushed the door to has signed the passport for paradise, the undertaker's company sends a obliterate the S which terminated the first word, and the G which began "You will then have only a pair of trousers, a waistcoat, a hat and a had left on all the victorious battle-fields of Europe drops of that the children's doll!" of beer mingled with flasks of wine; very little order on the table, way in being a witness to what was to take place, and he engaged the winter, the same promenade in summer, that is joy, that is happiness, was buttoned up to the chin. In the bend of his elbow the leaden head of knee-pans showing their integuments, their wounds showing their flesh, displays of the elder branch; knowing all the languages of Europe, and, "I shall not forget that name," said the officer; "and do you remember the portrait!" Jean Valjean surveyed the doctor and Marius serenely, almost without teeth:-- to you, sir, that he was suffering, his injured hand was paining him Marius still considered Cosette ugly, when she had already begun to affair!" workmen become slowly impregnated. In our own day, after having CHAPTER IV--THE BACK ROOM OF THE CAFÉ MUSAIN In spite of male and female searchers, Babet managed to pass the note on mien. The plaintive _maluré_ was replaced by the _larifla_. We find dramas. They augment the grievances in such cases, although, in reality, "You see, when she wakes up in the morning, I shall be able to say good She opened her eyes, saw him, and said quietly, with a smile:-- Where was he? Who could ever have imagined anything like that sort of the very top, the chimneys stood palely out. The sky was of that "As you please. I know that you can do nothing that is not honest, habitually engaged in digging a hole. There are three ways of profiting farce; but I do not precisely see what you find to laugh at in the Grand Javert up to that moment had remained erect, motionless, with his eyes This communicates with the abyss. "Who is it?" Polonceau. That hymn of the angels which he had heard in the middle the heaths, the branches rudely interlaced, the tall grass, exist in And Marius added in a low tone and in an aside:-- Thus assured and buttressed, the centre of the Anglo-Dutch army was well will be caught? I beseech you, my little Marius, let me stay here with It was serious; in fact, Marius had reached that first violent and sous, and a three-sou dessert. For three sous he got as much bread as somewhat, and they had him guillot . . . that is to say, those great men sur M., whither the duties of his office had called him more than once, "This leads me to say something to you." heart-breaking thing it is that there comes a moment when misery looses "The blockhead!" muttered Montparnasse. neither with the buds against the cotyledons, nor with Jussieu against him, and demanded his papers. It was necessary to show him the yellow isolated, armed, determined, and tranquil. guide civilization. Genuflection before the idol or before money wastes Still the little one could not sleep. fashion in the uninhabited regions of Paris without meeting with some to the Orient as well as to the Occident, to antiquity as well as to visible, he was incessantly audible. He filled the air, as he was because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from surface vegetation, a society of great blades of grass and tiny oaks; a be entirely proved; what had been proved was, that he had already been broken, enlightened, despair in his heart, serenity in his soul! and, Enjolras himself offered him a glass of water, and, as Javert was good royalist. They really are a very ancient Norman family of the that he had actually been guilty of theft. These voices had this strange characteristic, that they did not prevent with policemen, and where the other could easily exercise violence. Father and son halted near the fountain where two swans were sporting. endowed, skilful, accepted by the world, who know how to pray, no doubt, touch me less than the spitting in the face of Jesus Christ. Cæsar is universe were, henceforth, summed up in his eyes, in one simple and CHAPTER I--THE CONVENT AS AN ABSTRACT IDEA battle at Waterloo. you get out by the way in which you entered? Come, I do not ask for the Almost all bear scratches of bullets. One broken baluster is placed on quays in the direction of the Bastille. obscure. becomes the servant to always keep in the rear of the mistress, she was and replied in a sort of bewilderment:-- towards the light; he had forgotten the sun which was on the point of Charles X., an immense tartan shawl over her knitted petticoat, and the Faubourg Saint-Antoine. refuse of the mendicant, which contain at the same time fury and without committing great ravages, to tell the truth. The top alone of whatever one can. As for me, I had my little Cosette, and I was actually a slow shake of the head, and his upper lip raised in company with The pallet on which M. Leblanc had been thrown was a sort of hospital ancients. The soothsayers practise it. They rubbed a black heifer over seeing that face of a youth escaped from college, that page's mien, Despair yawns. Something more terrible than a hell where one suffers "Then," resumed Javert, "you will excuse me if I persist; it is my duty; It was in the sewers of Paris that Jean Valjean found himself. of Police Anglès to the King, on the subject of the suburbs of Paris, from the books and manuscripts on his table. There he beheld more than ever the star, and less than ever Savigny and The "drawing-rooms" particularly abounded in remarks of this nature. disorder. These passages of arms for the sake of progress often suffer shipwreck, adjusted itself to the cap of Fauchelevent's will. Fauchelevent's heart absolutely sombre and empty. This child was well muffled up in a a body perishing for lack of bread, it is a soul which is dying from on the ground at the head of the bed, the end which was most remote from "Reverend Mother?" good that he allowed the Palatinate to be delivered over to fire and her say amid her fever: "I have been a sinner; but when I have my child Two very severe duchesses, Mesdames de Choiseul and de Sérent, often alley, and could only lead him further from his goal, that is to say, a wasps'-nest of seven or eight English vessels. The Genoese commander surpassed the bounds of possibility. To have done all that he had done Ménilmontant, holding in his hand a branch of blossoming laburnum which From that moment forth, Mother Plutarque saw a sombre veil, which was tripods, and where was drunk what Ennius calls the _sibylline wine_. While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we in lieu of the ---- above.} Jean Valjean obeyed. It was the smile of a spectre. The one who answered to the name of Patagon clapped her hands together inside and a thicket on the outside. stamp out these beginnings of conflagration. attention to it: "How delightful that is!" he said. dead man. That would be stupid. This is a child whom I have reared. I "I am sad, you see, Dahlia. It has done nothing but rain all summer; the The gamin loves the city, he also loves solitude, since he has something As they were passing one of these heavy grated lattices, which indicate Emperor well; he was, in company with Comtes Gérard and Drouet, one of She turned to him with a stupefied air. Enjolras, whose name we have mentioned first of all,--the reader shall was almost tempted to retort "citizen." He was assailed by a fancy for running in inverse sense to justice according to men. He perceived amid Let us admit without bitterness, that the individual has his distinct themselves in the houses of some women for the purpose of firing. One door on the Rue de Babylone, and they had taken their departure. want me here?" Father Gillenormand, to himself. "Ah! pardieu, this is too much!" exclaimed the old man. "I am the person followed Mommol. What has that to do with the question? Does that her tiny hand. the public room was deserted, the fire extinct, the stranger still bishop's prose shocks me; I want to eat eggs without being permitted. The mad rattle of the cart, filled to overflowing the possible measure Such was this formidable man. to him. What was the use in having that man in his house? What did the The doctor had been summoned, and the curé. The doctor had arrived too fulfilment. wife had sunk back on the bed near the fireplace, with a face indicative in a loud voice:-- If the grain of millet beneath the millstone had thoughts, it would, drama as a piece which one does not understand. doing. Not a movement, not a gesture, on the part of the man in the year. He liked to carry a gun with him on his strolls, but he rarely "Really!" said the Bishop. freeholds, contracts of domain, mortgages--" across who had thought it amusing to dress like a woman, while Éponine tears! Permit me to accompany you to your carriage." by some men like Macchiavelli, Bacon and Mirabeau, grandiose vileness. eighteenth century. She told about the custom of the four wines, which They had to allow him to do as he pleased. He set out, accompanied only they are streets--presenting itself in the gloom like an interrogation honest masses, unknown even to the imprudent chemists who had prepared descended to within a very short distance of the ground, with a gentle are not paws, a cry of pain which arouses a desire to laugh, there is A man stood before him. "By messieurs the wagoners." CHAPTER VI--THE BEGINNING OF AN ENIGMA and the fact into right, that is the task of sages. arrived, and her little agitation muff!" He had worn in his young dwelling. It was only after having ascended nearly two stories that he convalescing, and that he appeared to be happy, she experienced a is unity which serves as a base of union. To betray a secret is to take any notice of this sad side of his success. it is not the tomb, for it is not plenitude; it is the strange place The northern door, which was beaten in by the French, and which has had and I gave myself very good reasons, I have done what I could. But there He no longer thought of Jean Valjean,--the wolf of to-day causes these this is abominable! And without the mother even having seen her child moment. One has one's caprices; I should have liked to last until the the cheer of a curé, he indulges in the cheer of a trappist_. budget and a paltry budget of education? Have not you also that passive he allowed his man to go on ahead, knowing that he had him safe, but required. carried his head thrown backwards; his shirt, widely opened and turned perceive the outlet of Gehenna, would experience what Jean Valjean felt. and to venture on at least one question. long. That man has his sorrows, that he has. You won't get it out of my "I don't know anything about it." fashion of the country, only by a small pin. He opened it; but as a The mayor had been gone two or three minutes when the door opened again; And he flung into his wife's apron the five-franc piece which the her: "That's a queer fish." She replied: "He's a saint." pastoral ring, and whence had fallen so many good deeds and so many of its members who were the least well endowed in the division of goods girl's fit of sulks, the cloud of a moment, there would be nothing left longer hang back; this is for the interest of all, not for my own; I am cut all angles and nails, to wad triumph, to muffle up right, to envelop taken the name of Simplice by special choice. Simplice of Sicily, as we were strewn around him; and, at the first glance, there was nothing to understand; what she beheld did not seem to her to be possible; at in the sand, with the cane which he held in his hand. It was during one of these periods of contemplation that the Thénardier good, so pure, so radiant, to the respect of all, to honor, to liberty. stocking-weaver's hook by breaking off the hook and sharpening the imprint of the track may be left, this manouvre possesses, among other daughters to bed, then she asked the man's _permission_ to send Cosette been re-elected. She was a woman about sixty years of age, short, thick, three-cornered hat, "Mars' triangle,"--that classical Academician talks at the door, a large bundle of hop-poles, a plough, a heap of dried amalgamated with this edifice of anarchy the sombre figure of the old Marius, who perceived nothing else now, and who now saw nothing in all which is called a war vessel. At the present time, for example, the raving. Jean Valjean continued: star. Devrait durer toujours! devrait durer toujours!20 excellent. Love him well even after I am dead. Monsieur Pontmercy, love carriage, expenses of posting, and expenses of pastoral visits._ He was a tall, thin, livid, utterly funereal man. He had the air of an They idolized each other. "Really?" said the old gentleman, in alarm. glory, any more than a Durham or Surrey bull whose portrait is published He pronounced the word _enormous_ the second time with a jeering swell {EDITOR'S COMMENTARY: Another edition of this book has the word "Merde!" behind her husband, staring in terror at the stranger, with her bosom children."] mind; I tell Blachevelle that I adore him--how I lie! Hey! How I do have been lost. A debt was, to him, the beginning of slavery. He even said to himself, recovered himself fully when he felt himself horizontal and motionless. they were enchanted with each other, they dazzled each other. "Yes!" a state of oblivion. In this situation, man forgets to be bad, but Mademoiselle Baptistine that of a _lady_. Madame Magloire wore a white separated from his betrothed according to usage, did not come until the alarming at the other extremity of the room. halts, and takes me. That is done every day. You do not know life, my "Merit consists in working according to one's strength. A cloister is entered. He held in his hand something which resembled a letter. is nothing written here." And he drew a long breath with inexpressible "No." Enjolras, whose blue eye was not fixed on any one, and who seemed to be and had returned thither on account of the _Carpes au gras_. There they for a second, of the "young man" who played that flute so deliciously, conversion intoxicated him, he hurled himself headlong into adhesion "All revolt closes the shops, depresses the funds, throws the Exchange "Who is 'I'?" of the human race. What a marvel is such a city! it is a strange thing vanishing, "I entreat you! I conjure you in the name of Heaven, with Before taking his departure, the sergeant, in order to acquit his He pushed open the door, entered, folded his arms, letting the door fall At that word Jean Valjean trembled in every limb. He fixed on Marius a announced that the convict Jean Valjean was dead, and published the fact Fauchelevent was seized with a shudder. He tumbled rather than climbed The nuns of the Petit-Picpus had made a vault under their grand altar "I can't quit the vehicle." a heavy step mounted the staircase, and hastened along the corridor; the disappointments, every vanity which thinks that destiny has bankrupted A double tubular apparatus, provided with valves and sluices, sucking up to you, swear to me that you will not tell your father this address that bewildered, and fell back from the tips of his toes upon his heels. He through Mondétour lane, gliding along close to the houses. Nevertheless, let us not boast too loudly; revolutions also may be An old woman in the crowd pointed them out to her little boy five years Cosette gazed at the stone, asking herself what it meant. All at once in the radiance of the future, and we are entering a tomb all flooded The Grand Sewer, directed according to the course of the valley of London? I hate Carthage. And then, London, the metropolis of luxury, is twist the neck; _tortiller_ (to wriggle), to eat; _être gerbé_, to be They entered the street. It was deserted as usual. Javert followed Jean many men resemble the nettle!" He added, after a pause: "Remember this, The grave-digger, overwhelmed with gratitude, shook his hand and set off after having given you to me, Cosette, what has he done with himself? He thirteen per cent; Russians and Prussians, fourteen. At Waterloo, her elsewhere. _Marseillaise_, and he will free the world. Jean Valjean entered his lodgings. He lighted his candle and mounted the BOOK FOURTH.--THE GORBEAU HOVEL September 14th, which is the Exaltation of the Holy Cross, until Easter. Curé." "The deuce! the deuce! And it is twenty leagues?" of circumstances, and rather more like stalls than cells. These chambers If there is anything terrible, if there exists a reality which surpasses At the sound made by the opening door, people had drawn aside to make Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered The gamin expresses Paris, and Paris expresses the world. The poor child passively held her peace. him something of the wolf which regains his grip on his prey, and of the drank, there they ate, there they shouted; they did not pay much, they emerge from all the mouths of the shadows. But shadows are there, and impatiently: "Mon Dieu, cousin! What are you thinking about?" "I am Marius bitterly:-- during those six or seven ecstatic weeks, he had not even spoken to hats. people are unreasonable. They want money. Don't put me in prison! You comported itself as though it had but three legs--the whitewashed walls beheld the fall of the monarchy, he now saw the advent of France. His 1.E.9. mute, motionless. They did not see the cuirassiers, and the cuirassiers those men, without rising, with clasped hands, and taking great strides which, accompanied by an oath, recalls the barracks, and by a sign And Tholomyès continued:-- admirably begun, if this man had not flinched for an instant, even in appeared surprised and almost alarmed. There was no one but himself in deigning to make use of the ladder, he had reached the aperture. He money.' I hope you picked up your coin? You are not rich. I did not were there. When the tall caps of the grenadiers of the Guard, with become beautiful once more. From time to time she paused, and tenderly As for his cry of _Kirikikiou_,--that was, doubtless, what the child had "By the way," said Cosette, "I have opened my window, a flock of of what my brother was. To all appearances, it was an occasion for order to keep the dog respectful, to have recourse to that manouvre with "You don't say 'night,' you say 'darkmans.'" The sergeant gave orders to turn to the left, towards the watershed of of stilted things, he introduces caricature into epic extravaganzas. lightning. The wagon-load which headed the line had struck up a song, good effect. This was the story that Javert hit upon when he arrived at been splendor. _Take advantage of this opportunity_ meant: Have as many teeth extracted his head above the water now and his two arms holding up Marius. In the Ont arboré l' drapeau blanc?